Major Traditions Of Western Theology Essay - 1608 Words

1. Briefly compare and contrast two (2) of the major traditions of western theology. Put these in conversation with each other and show how they critique and/or complement one another. The Reformed theology expresses an explicit theology that is based on foundational beliefs, including high esteem for Scripture (infallible and inerrant) and a theocentric-focused posture that states the triune God should be center of Christianity (as opposed to only Jesus). These beliefs are applied to all of creation and domains of life, not just spiritual matters. The Anabaptist tradition is not characterized by a distinctive theology, but shaped by the communal living out of implicit beliefs. Believing that the Reformation did not do enough to restore a NT perspective on Christ and the Apostles, the Anabaptists built their tradition on a strong conviction to follow the teachings of Jesus, especially as it pertained to communal living, peacemaking and serving others (particularly marginalized communities). In terms of the interpretation and authority given to Scripture, the Reformed tradition places a heavy emphasis on the teachings found in the writings of Paul and believe that S cripture should be the guiding force of knowledge and practice for believers. Though Anabaptists value the teachings of Scriptures, there is an emphasis on how Jesus lived and modeled human life through the writings of the Gospel. Another distinctive feature of the Anabaptist tradition is speaking against power,Show MoreRelatedDat Based On The Information Given From The Book1686 Words   |  7 PagesMiller is a well known figure in the realm of theological studies. Numerous articles, reviews, translations, and books were written by him. In his educational journey, he obtained numerous degrees (B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Doctorate in Theology, and so on) in Philosophy and Theology. He taught in numerous higher educational institutions mainly in Colorado, USA. In previous recognitions, Miller was a member of Studiorum Novi Testament Societas, American Academy of Religion, Society of Christian PhilosophersRead MoreEssay on The Influence of Christianity on Ancient and Modern Greece1657 Words   |  7 PagesGreece has been a formidable landmark for development of Christianity throughout the world.? From its arrival to Greece with the first preaching of Paul, the Christian faith has undergone a unique assimilation into the cultural and philosophical traditions of the Greek people to create a church, visibly distinguishable from all other sects and denominations of Christianity.? Christianity has certainly influenced the nation of Greece.? However, it is safe to say that Greek culture has also had a notableRead MoreReligion : The Basics By Mallory Nye1024 Words   |  5 Pagesbackground knowledge on how to successfully study the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. One of Nye’s primary arguments is that culture affects religion and religion affects culture. He asserts that religion is a human practice, and when theology is removed from its study, religion and culture become nearly indistinguishable. With the idea that religion is something people do, Nye then establishes the importance of studying religion from a â€Å"human-centered approach† (Nye, 4). He sees culturalRead MoreReligion Toolkit Response By John Morreall And Tamara Sonn1616 Words   |  7 Pagesabout Religious Studies that might exist. With this in mind, they make a point of identifying assumptions that students coming from Western religious traditions might make about what religion is, like that all religions have prophets, scripture, and must be exclusively followed. This is an important thing to do since the major demographic of this book will come from Western countries and cultures, like North America and the United Kingdom. The book also makes a point of talking about how ambiguousRead MoreProtestant Reformation1706 Words   |  7 Pageschurch, but they discovered that it was very challenging, and the only viable solution was to split completely from the Catholic Church. There were four movements as a result of the reformation events. They include the Anglicans, Lutherans, Reformed Tradition (Calvin), and the Anabaptists. Key figures in the Protestants or protesters included John Knox, John Calvin, Zwingli, and Martin Luther. More doctrinal distinctions became obvious, and the previously integrated Christianity split into numerous warringRead MoreTaking a look at Islam1467 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst Caliph (the word means successor). Islamic tradition is able to trace the lineage to the fourth Caliph some 600 years ago but beyond the fourth there is no established lineage. Regardless of this in congruency of tradition, the Shiite Muslims believe that a strong spiritual leader is required to lead Muslims to salvation and without such the people would be misguided. The Imam here would be represented by the Roman Catholic faith tradition of St. Peter becoming the first Pope because hisRead MoreHow Truth Was Defined By Medieval Europeans1696 Words   |  7 Pagesregions; for example medieval Europe had multiple cultures that traversed throughout everywhere and caused truth to be defined by the beliefs of that region. Medieval Europe lasted from the 5th to the 15th century and began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire causing this time to become known as the dark ages because the great civilizations of Rome and Greece had been conquered. Very few people during this time could read or write and because of a lack of knowledge. Medieval Europeans usedRead MoreJohn Locke s Influence On His Epistemology1487 Words   |  6 Pagesin his late teen years and one that would remain a lifelong interest. In New York he began a notebook of â€Å"Miscellanies,† in which he placed his thoughts on theology and philosophy. By the end of 1723 he had added three more notebooks: â€Å"Notes on the Apocalypse,† â€Å"Notes on Scripture† and â€Å"The Mind† (Marsden 59). We can say John Locke was a major force of behind this growth of Jonathan Edwards , but only the Locke s influence on his epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophical psychologyRead MoreThe Great Awakening : A Revitalization Of Religious Piety That Swept Through American Colonies1102 Words   |  5 Pagesvalues of the Western world. In reality, the spirit of the Age of Reason was nothing less than an intellectual revolution; a whole new way of looking at God, the world and one’s self. It was the birth of secularism. Finally, the Age of Reason sprang from the soil of a new faith in law and order. Modern science arose in the si xteenth and seventeenth centuries filling men with visions of a new day of peace also harmony. Therefore, the Age of Reason saw dramatic spiritual renewal in Western ChristianityRead MoreReligious, Social, Philosophical, And Political Upheaval1394 Words   |  6 PagesReligious, social, philosophical, and political upheaval spread throughout both Europe and the Americas during over the course of the eighteenth century. In prominent Western nations such as England, France, and Spain, religious tensions persisted from power struggles between Catholicism and Protestantism throughout the 1600s. However, while governments remained entrenched in organized religion at a state level, Enlightenment ideas emphasizing human reason brought about a new epistemological ideology

Our Adventure to Virginia Beach - 710 Words

When the word â€Å"vacation† is mentioned, everyone instantly thinks of a great time. There are no classes, no work, no chores, and most importantly, no worries. However, this isn’t always the case, especially with my family. We decided to set out on an adventure to Virginia Beach this past April. The events that took place were benign but, the trip itself was a little bit of a struggle due to the chain of unpredictable events. The vacation started with us deciding to pack the rental car up the night before we left. Once we were done, the car was replete with all the beach essentials such as towels, drinks, snacks, swim suits, and of course, sunscreen. My dad, being an intelligent man, decided that it would be better for us to leave that night and drive halfway then stop instead of trying to cram in an eleven and a half hour ride into one day. However, there was a schism that took place when he told us this because my brothers didn’t want to leave just yet. Bein g supercilious boys, they didn’t think about the benefits of leaving early but were only concerned with finishing their game on Xbox. My dad concluded that it was an incumbent step to take in order for our vacation to go as smooth as possible and for us to possibly get there earlier. As we got in the car, we quickly did a double check to make sure all the requisite items were in the car. After realizing we forgot the phone chargers and we had to go back inside, we started on the road. The first few hours of travelShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Culture on Politics1522 Words   |  7 PagesOld Dominion University | The Impact of Culture on Virginia Politics | POLS 311 | Geraldine Pearman 9-19-2015 | Geraldine Pearman Virginia History and Politics Dr. Pelletier Fall 2015 The Impact of Culture on Virginia Politics A culture can be defined as a way of life of a group of people- their behaviors, beliefs, values that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. It also includes the customs, arts, literature, morals/values and traditionsRead MoreThe Beginning Of My Adventure Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pages The beginning of my adventure begins on a clear, beautiful day, in a parking lot where our adventure will end. A group of us, including my boyfriend two of his friends and I, are going tubing down the Rappahannock River in Virginia. The Rappahannock is a popular shot for tubing, fishing, and just relaxing with old and new friends. 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Robert Frost was born on March 26, 1874 and died in January 1963 at the age of 86. He was born in San Francisco but relocated with his mother to Massachusetts upon his father’s death to

Taxation Law Separation Property Settlements

Question: Describe about the Taxation Law for Separation Property Settlements. Answer: Introduction: Taxation law of Australia focuses to provide complete knowledge in simple and clear manner by providing easy ways of application of law to practical problems (Miller and Oats 2016). The main focus of the act is towards the federal taxation system, income tax, capital gain tax, fringe benefit, and so on(Woellner et al. 2016). It provides complete introduction of the policies, rules and procedures of the taxation rules of the country. Nowadays, more and more people are getting involved in reducing their tax. It is unclear to say the strategies; he uses which the person follows legally or illegally. The department needs to focus on the loopholes to gain the faith of citizens of the country and to improve the equity system of the country. It is leviable on three different categories of income like personal income, business income and income derived from capital gain. The financial year in Australia starts from 1 July every year. The tax rate for corporate is 30% whereas the rate for an i ndividual ranges from 0%-45% after calculating the net total income for the financial year. According to the survey, which was held in the year 2013 it, was found that Australia has a low tax burden rate in comparison to the other nations with GDP @ 25.6%. Earlier the tax was imposed on the luxurious goods only but later on it was decided by the government that it would include all the income earned by an individual during the year. Assessable income: Itcan be defined as an income, which can be taxed, in such a way so that an individual can earn enough to exceed his tax-free origin (Ato.gov.au 2016). In other words, it can be termed as income subjected to tax. It includes incomefrom different heads: Income from salaryand wages, Income from interest from bank accounts, Income from Dividends and otherincomefrom investments. The person should consider various other incomes also while calculating his assessable income. These includes: Income earned from unusual agreements. Income received from commission. Income drawn from dividends and credits of business. Income acquired outside Australia by Australian resident. Income received from interest on investment. Profit derived by a person from selling or disposing any capital asset like plant and machinery, land and building. Subsidies received from running a business. Income received from renting a property. Income received from bad debt recovery. In the given case, Stephanie Rogan has an advertising company. She started this company with the suggestion of Greater Union, who used her as a contractor for the company. Her husband Ronald was the company secretary and manager of the Rogan Advertising ltd. In the year, 2015 Greater Union offered Rogan Advertising an opportunity to make a series of advertisements in the Rio Olympic Games 2016. Stephanie has to stay in Brazil until the end of the Olympic Games. She left the country with her husband on June 26, 2015. They will lease their property until they return from Brazil. Stephanie receives a salary of eighty thousand dollars per annum from Rogan Advertising Ltd. Her husband also receives a salary of eighty thousand dollars per annum from the company. Both of them have a single share of the company. They received profit earned by the company in the form of false dividends. They received four hundred fifty dollars a week for leasing their house. Greater Union gives majority of th eir work. They have created one joint account in Australia where they receive their salaries and rent from their house. They have also created a joint account in Brazil to receive income until their stay in Brazil from the company. She received $24,000 from Monash University in her Australian bank account for delivering lectures to the management students of the University. According to Australian law, married couples are to be taxed separately. As per the act, any income or money, which a person receives from renting his house property or any other property, is liable to pay income tax. On the other hand, rental income includes advertising expenses, bank charges, borrowing expenses, depreciation charges, insurance charges, land tax, and so on(Ato.gov.au 2016). As defined in the act, land tax is an annual tax, which is chargeable on properties paid by the owner. The section states that in order to assess the income in regard to the lease granted before 20 September 1985 is assessable under section 26 AB of the income tax act 1997. Exemptions can be claimed by the person if the property used by him is for residential purpose or land used for farms. As stated in the Estate of Fuld (No. 3) 1968 p. 675 per Scarman J at pp 684-684 and Buswell v. I.R.C (1974) at 9.526 that is consistent about the person returning in Australia. In the given case, the place of residence of Stephanie was not mentioned only the country is mentioned. According to the tax, rules followed in New South Wales the owners of the house property are eligible to claim exemption for renting two rooms of their house property. In the given case, she decided to let out her house for a period of less than six months. Nothing more has been mentioned in the case i.e. whether the hous e has more than one room or not. Therefore, it is assumed that she has rented only two rooms. Hence, she can avail exemption from tax. However, the answer differs if she is the resident of Australian Territory. According to the rule, the person can claim exemption up to a certain basis of income. Calculation of income based on New South Wales: Up to 412,000, the eligible tax rate is AUD 100. From 412,001- 2,519,000 the eligible tax rate is 1.6%on the excess value. Over 2,519,001, the eligible tax rate is 2% on the overall value. Income earned from renting a house property for the year 2015-2016 = $450*52 weeks = $23,400 Again, for the year 2016-2017 =$450*20 weeks= $9,000. As the threshold limit does not exceed 412,000, she is liable to pay AUD 100 only for this income. Again, calculation based on Victoria. According to the rule property valued up to AUD 250,000 are exempt from taxation (Ato.gov.au 2016). From the above calculation, it can be said that Stephanie can claim exemption because the total income earned is less than 250,000. Again, based on Capital Territory the threshold limit for exemption is quite different. Up to 75,000, the slab rate is 0.41% = [(23,400 + 9,000) * 0.41%] = $132.84 From 75,001-150,000 the rate is 0.48% = nil From 150,001-275,000 the rate is 0.61% = nil Over 275,001 the tax rate is 1.23% = nil Calculation of assessable income of Stephanie, for the year 2015/16 and for the year 2016/17: Assessable income for Stephanie for the year 2015-2016 = $80,000 only. Assessable income for Roger (her husband) for the year 2015-2016 = $80,000 only Assessable income for Stephanie for the year 2016-2017 are as: [Note: assessable income before 1st July 2015 was not included in this calculation.] Income from house property: From 1st July 2015- 30th June 2016 (450*52) = $23,400 Less: exemption (23400*0.41%) =$ 95.94 From 1st July 2016- 30th November 2016 (450*20) = $ 9,000 Less: exemption (9000*0.41%) =$ 36.9 Gross total value (23400+9000) =$32,400 Total value (32,400-133) =$32,267 Income from salary: From 1st July 2015-30th June 2016 =$80,000 From 1st July 2016-30th June 2017 = $80,000 Income from business and profession By delivering lecture to the management students = $24,000 Income from capital gains = nil Income from other sources = nil Taxability of income for Stephanie for the year 2015-16 Up to $18,200 = nil From 18,201-37,000 @19% =$3,572 From 37,001-80,000 @32.5% = $17,547 From 80,001-180,000 @37% = [(103,304-80,001)*37%+17547] =$26,169 Total assessable income for the year 2015-16 = $ 77,135 For the year 2016-17 Up to 18,200 = nil From 18,201-37,000 @19% = $3,572 From 37,001-80,000 @32.5% = $17,547 From 80,001-180,000 @37% = [(112,963-80,001)*37%+17,547] = $29,742 Total assessable income for the year 2016-17 = $ 83,221 [Note: since no information regarding management lecture has been given in the problem it is assumed that the lectures were delivered in the assessment year 2016-17] Calculation of assessable income of Roger Income from salary For the year 2015-16 = $80,000 For the year 2016-17. =$80,000 According to Australian law, a person can claim exemption under Schedule 1 of the ITAA 1997 up to $18,200 from his total income (Ato.gov.au, 2016). It is assumed that the income from house property will be taxable in the hands of Stephanie. So taxable income of Roger for the year 2015-16 is Up to 18,200 =nil From 18,201-37,000 @19% =$ 3,572 From 37001-80000 @32.5%=3572+ 13974.675 = $17,547 Total income= [ $80,000-(17,547+3,572)] =$58,881 His income will remain same for both the years. Conclusion: To conclude it can be said that the Australian taxation system was one of the most complex system of collecting revenue in the world. It has near about 125 different forms of taxes, which also includes commonwealth taxes. Different organizations have been set up to ensure the integrity of taxation system of the country. The country has six major states and two union territories, which includes 143 municipalities from urban region and 587 municipalities from rural areas. The local government of the country provide legal framework for the citizens of the country. There are different property tax rates for different states among the country. References: Ato.gov.au. (2016).Home page | Australian Taxation Office. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au/ [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Barkoczy, S., 2016. Foundations of Taxation Law 2016.OUP Catalogue. Cao, L., Hosking, A., Kouparitsas, M., Mullaly, D., Rimmer, X., Shi, Q., Stark, W. and Wende, S., 2015. Understanding the economy-wide efficiency and incidence of major Australian taxes.Treasury WP,1. Davison, M., Monotti, A. and Wiseman, L., 2016.Australian intellectual property law. Cambridge University Press. Long, B., Campbell, J. and Kelshaw, C., 2016. The justice lens on taxation policy in Australia.St Mark's Review, (235), p.94. Miller, A. and Oats, L., 2016.Principles of international taxation. Bloomsbury Publishing. Morgan, A., Mortimer, C. and Pinto, D., 2014. A Practical Introduction to Australian Taxation Law. Morse, S.C. and Deutsch, R., 2016. Tax Anti-Avoidance Law in Australia and the United States. Norregaard, M.J., 2013.Taxing Immovable Property Revenue Potential and Implementation Challenges(No. 13-129). International Monetary Fund. Nyst, C. and McAdam, R., 2014. Family law: Tax Office takes aim at separation property settlements: Draft ruling impacts private company transfers.Proctor, The,34(4), p.24. Sharkey, N. and Murray, I., 2015, July. The rule of law and leadership in substitution and in conflict: social psychological and legal perspectives on Chinese tax administration. InAustralian Tax Forum(Vol. 30). Snape, J. and De Souza, J., 2016.Environmental taxation law: policy, contexts and practice. Routledge. Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C. and Pinto, D., 2016.Australian Taxation Law 2016. Oxford University Press.

teora de la literatura preguntas Essays - , Term Papers

PREGUNTAS CORTAS: TEMA 1: Concepto y origen del circulo hermeneutico El termino hermeneutica proviene del verbo griego ( jermeneueien ) que significa interpretar, declarar, anunciar, esclarecer y, por ultimo, traducir. Significa que alguna cosa se vuelve comprensible o se lleva a la comprension. Se considera que el termino deriva del nombre del dios griego Hermes, el mensajero, al que los griegos atribuian el origen del lenguaje y la escritura, y al que consideraban dios de la comunicacion y el entendimiento humano. El termino originalmente expresaba la comprension y explicacion de una sentencia oscura y enigmatica de los dioses u oraculo, que precisaba una interpretacion correcta. La hermeneutica es un metodo, una disciplina, que trata de la interpretacion de los textos, se ocupa de buscar el significado preciso y esclarecer las ideas que transmiten los textos; ideas y significados que en ocasiones no son evidentes. Asi pues, tiene como eje la comprension de los objetos verbales y esteticos. Despues de permanecer recluida durante varios siglos en el ambito de la teologia, en el Romanticismo evoluciona y se abre a todo tipo de textos En la actualidad la disciplina se dedica a la interpretacion de los textos buscando su significado preciso. Despues de permanecer recluida durante siglos en el ambito de la teologia, en el Romanticismo se abre a todo tipo de textos con SCHLEIERMACHER. La gran aportacion de SCHLEIERMACHER fue la articulacion de la teoria hermeneutica y cuyo objetivo era entender el discurso tambien como el autor, y despues mejor que el. Presento una teoria coherente sobre el proceso de interpretacion de textos, a esta teoria se le conoce como circulo hermeneutico. El circulo hermeneutico es un sistema circular basado en la comunicacion entre un emisor y un receptor, entre los que hay un mismo contexto social y lingistico. Este contexto comun, es el que posibilita la comunicacion ente dos personas. El receptor puede comprender el discurso del emisor porque ambos poseen una gramatica comun, ademas, al poseer un mismo contexto social favorece la empatia. El circulo hermeneutico esta articulado en dos dimensiones: 1 objetiva, historica, comparativa 2 psicologica y subjetiva. El objetivo es comprender al autor mas alla que el Cada interprete necesita introducirse en primer lugar en la dimension social y la dimension individual del autor para comprenderlo (dimension objetiva). Para ello, el interprete debera identificarse con las intenciones, formas de pensamiento, situacion historica y el contexto historico del autor. De este modo, en la medida en que el lector se identifique con el autor y se ponga en su lugar, tanto mejor sera la interpretacion. el. 1805 el ano en el que SCHLEIERMACHER plantea esta teoria. Epistemologia y gnoseologia Epistemologia: Procede de dos voces griegas (episteme "conocimiento") y (logos "estudio") Epistemologia: Rama de la filosofia cuyo objeto de estudio es el conocimiento; en este sentido se aborda de que manera se logra la obtencion del conocimiento, asi como las circunstancias en las que se obtiene. La Epistemologia se encontraba en la Grecia Antigua en filosofos como Parmenides o Platon. En Grecia se diferenciaban dos tipos de conocimiento: Episteme / Doxa Doxa: Conocimiento vulgar no sometido a una reflexion rigurosa critica (opinion) Episteme: Conocimiento reflexivo elaborado con rigor. Ambito de la verdad Es habitual confundir los terminos Gnoseologia y Epistemologia. La Gnoseologia es la f acultad de conocer Diferencias: El objetivo de la Gnoseologia es reflexionar sobre el origen, esencia, naturaleza, los limites del acto cognitivo. Por el contrario, la epistemologia se ocupa del conocimiento reflexivo, reflexivo, analitico, cientifico CIENCIAS DE LA CULTURA, HUMANAS, SOCIALES o DEL ESPIRITU Ciencia de la cultura : Un concepto que se crea a partir de la segunda mitad del SG XX, y a partir de la obra de ERNST CASSIRER, cuyos estudios se centran en la siguiente tesis: "La ciencia no es el unico medio por el cual el hombre configura la realidad"; la ciencia nos ofrece una comprension del mundo cuya caracteristica principal consiste en la insercion de lo particular en una forma universal y ordenada, mostrandonos como cada individuo es un caso concreto de una ley general. A parte de este segun CASSIRER hay otros modos de configuracion del mundo que no son cientificos, sino prerracionales o imaginativos, como el arte, la mitologia,